Browsing by Author "Adam, Jamila Khatoon"

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12th International Conference on Sustainable Waste Management
(2022-12-02) Nibedita, Nath; Subhendu, Chakraborthy; Narsimha, Golla; Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu
Today, nanotechnology generates a significant amount of interest among researchers as a result of the vast array of applications it provides for addressing various aspects of the eco-system. Additionally, it enables researchers to traverse the boundaries of a more specialised area of study than an already well-established one. It is an interdisciplinary field of study that focuses on the production and manipulation of nanoscale materials via scaling down the particle size scale from micrometres to nanometers (1–100 nm). They provide excellent options in the fields of health, industry, and medicine as they present a new vision for the treatment of medical conditions thanks to the fact that the particle size may be reduced, which gives them a distinct prospective characteristic. Researchers continue to be interested in finding new uses for metal nanoparticles (NPs) as the field of nanotechnology advances since these particles display distinctive properties. The public is interested in several different types of metal nanoparticles, including silver NPs. Synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be used in a wide variety of contexts, such as spectrally selective coatings for the absorption of solar energy, as intercalation material for electrical batteries, as optical receptors, as catalysts in chemical processes, and so on. Antibacterial and antifungal properties are only two of the biological uses of silver nanoparticles that have been the subject of much research. AgNPs are known to be cytotoxic to both normal and cancer cells in mammals, and the modalities of interactions of AgNPs have been examined in a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. AgNPs are known to be cytotoxic to both normal and cancer cells in humans. The cytotoxic effects of silver ions have been seen and documented in a variety of cell lines. Silver nanoparticles have become important research topics due to the numerous applications they have in the fields of industry, agriculture, and biomedicine, as well as their excellent anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-coagulant, and photo-catalytic properties due to their chemical stability and good biocompatibility. The most important focus of this review is on recent advancements and trends in the field of AgNPs for use in biomedical applications. Keywords: Antimicrobial, silver nanoparticles, synthesis, biomedical applications, nanotechnology
Antibacterial properties of organosulfur compounds of garlic (Allium sativum)
(Frontiers Media SA, 2021-07-27) Bhatwalkar, Sushma Bagde; Mondal, Rajesh; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu; Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Govender, Patrick; Anupam, Rajaneesh
A popular food spice and flavoring agent, has also been used traditionally to treat various ailments especially bacterial infections for centuries in various cultures around the world. The principal phytochemicals that exhibit antibacterial activity are oil-soluble organosulfur compounds that include allicin, ajoenes, and allyl sulfides. The organosulfur compounds of garlic exhibit a range of antibacterial properties such as bactericidal, antibiofilm, antitoxin, and anti-quorum sensing activity against a wide range of bacteria including multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains. The reactive organosulfur compounds form disulfide bonds with free sulfhydryl groups of enzymes and compromise the integrity of the bacterial membrane. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized the development of antibiotic resistance as a global health concern and emphasizes antibiotic stewardship along with the urgent need to develop novel antibiotics. Multiple antibacterial effects of organosulfur compounds provide an excellent framework to develop them into novel antibiotics. The review provides a focused and comprehensive portrait of the status of garlic and its compounds as antibacterial agents. In addition, the emerging role of new technologies to harness the potential of garlic as a novel antibacterial agent is discussed.
Antioxidant potential of zephyranthes citrina seed extract in saccharomyces cerevisiae’s oxidative stress response system
(Association of Biotechnology and Pharmacy, 2023-10-15) Patil, Sharangouda J.; Jyothi, Renuka; Sadashiv, S. O.; Vishwantaha, T.; Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu
Challenges of student accommodation at institutions of higher learning : a case study of University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
(Centre for the Study of Southern African Literature and Languages, 2022-12-12) Adam, Ahmed Sadeq; Adam, Pamela; Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu
Access to higher education by the general populace in South Africa has been steadily increasing over the last decade. With this increase in access, major challenges have presented themselves that may compromise the transformational agenda for higher education in South Africa. The focus of this research was to examine the challenges associated with student accommodation. In total, 600 questionnaires were dispatched to students from the five campuses of University of KwaZulu-Natal and 453 were returned which gave a 75.5% response rate. The research instrument consisted of 31 items, with a level of measurement at a nominal or an ordinal level. Data obtained from the respondents included biographical data, quality of accommodation, accessibility and adequacy of accommodation, security, safety and health issues in the University accommodation. The questionnaire was the primary tool that was used to collect data and was distributed to students who lived in residences at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN). The data collected from the responses were analysed with SPSS version 24.0. The study’s focus was to examine various challenges associated with student accommodation in South Africa specifically UKZN and results indicated that accessibility to the university accommodation for residential purposes is a great challenge for many students. Other issues faced by students include insecurity on campus, irregular security checks, inefficient and untimely manner of the quality of services rendered by the hall management. Good and efficient accommodative measures by the university are necessary for quality academic output; hence, the need for critical intervention, as suggested in the study.
Contributing elements and issues to strategic management in the construction industry among small and medium enterprises : a case study in South Africa's eThekwini region
(University of Cape Town, 2022) Rambaruth, Amit; Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are vital to the economy and have helped it grow, but they still have a high failure rate. Many businesses fail within the first few months of operation due to a lack of strategic planning. This study aimed to identify persuading factors that contribute to strategic management to improve performance and categorise challenges faced by SMEs in implementing a strategic plan in the eThekwini region of South Africa. The study adopted a quantitative research approach, and the population of interest for the research includes small and medium construction companies, which were sourced via the Construction Industry Development Board (cidb) registry. An online survey tool was used to distribute the questionnaire to 145 small and medium businesses. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The study's findings reveal that most eThekwini-based SMEs in the construction industry use strategic management practices to improve their business performance. The key factors for strategic management in SMEs, such as improving decision-making processes, increasing productivity, and gaining a competitive advantage, demonstrated high levels of agreement among participants regarding improving business performance. This study also found widespread agreement on the challenges of implementing a strategic plan in an organisation. Therefore, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) must develop procedures and policies to deal with the difficulties that arise when drafting a strategic plan. This will ensure that strategic planning works in their operations. This can be accomplished by implementing strategic management into SMEs training programs offered by government and tertiary institutions that support SMEs. The government should also improve education and broaden its business skills curriculum. Keywords: Business, Construction, Performance, Planning, Strategy, South Africa.
Exploring the perspectives and parental roles in the academic performance of university students with disabilities
(Durban University of Technology, 2021-12-12) Mntambo, Sithabile Joy; Hlengwa, Wellington Mthokozisi; Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu
The present study focusses on exploring the impact of parental support on the academic performance of students with disabilities. A qualitative study approach was used to explore students with disabilities' perspectives of parental support and the impact it has on their academic performance. This qualitative study purposively selected eight participants. They were subjected to semi-structured, open-ended, one on-one interviews, and these interviews were recorded using an audio recorder with their permission. The collected data was analysed using thematic content analysis. Parental support may take numerous forms, including emotional, physical, and financial assistance. As a result, parental support influences academic success and the adjustment of students living with disabilities to their new environment. However, parental knowledge, attitudes, and tolerance of a student's disability have been shown to be obstacles to meaningful parental support. This study concludes that for students with disabilities to perform to their maximum potential, parents must be trained and empowered to provide necessary support including motivating their children
Recent trends in silver nanoparticles toxicity, health effects and biomedical applications
(Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India, 2022-12-12) Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu; Adam, Jamila Khatoon
The development of novel biomedical applications has pushed the design of nanomaterials to the forefront of systematic investigation. Recent trends in the literature reveal, in fact, an absence of comprehensive reviews that highlight present understanding of nanomaterials' design and production. Nanoparticle performance can be affected by alterations in their size, shape, surface charge, and microstructure (NPs). It is discovered that the synthesis technique plays a role in the determination of these parameters as well. Here, we show how silver nanoparticles are already being used in Health sciences and discuss their future potential. Nanoparticles present new difficulties in terms of health risks, and the costs of various platforms are compared. The biological method is a technique that is eco-friendly to the environment, cost-effective, dependable, and consistent, as well as efficient and simplistic. Here, we present the antimicrobial properties of metallic nanoparticles, like silver, in the context of the health industry.
Strategic management in construction firms with focus on small and medium enterprises : a case study eThekwini, South Africa
(2021-06-28) Rambaruth, Amit; Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in the economy and have contributed significantly to the growth of the economy, however, there is still a high-level failure rate. Many face a threat of failure within the first few months of establishment and the lack of strategic planning may prevent them from achieving their full potential. Therefore, the aim of this study is to address the factors that influence the adoption of strategic management in an organization and to identify persuading factors that contribute to strategic management to improve performance and to categorise challenges faced by SMEs in implementing a strategic plan. The results advocate that majority of the eThekwinibased SMEs in the construction industry are applying strategic management practices in their business and through this application they have improved the performance of their business. Furthermore, the study found that there were high levels of agreement with the challenges facing the implementation of a strategic plan in an organization. The research concluded that that majority of the eThekwini-based SMEs in the construction industry are applying strategic management practices in their business and through this application they have improved the performance of their business. The study also concluded that there were high levels of agreement with the influencing factors that drove SMEs to adopt a strategic plan and high levels of agreement with the contributing factors of strategic planning in improving performance of the business. Furthermore, the study found that there were high levels of agreement with the challenges facing the implementation of a strategic plan in an organisation.