Theses and dissertations (Applied Sciences)
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Item Excess molar volume and isentropic compressibility for binary or ternary ionic liquid systems(2010) Bahadur, Indra; Deenadayalu, NirmalaThe thermodynamic properties of mixtures involving ionic liquids (ILs) with alcohols or alkyl acetate or nitromethane at different temperatures were determined. The ILs used were methyl trioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([MOA]+[Tf2N]-) and 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium methyl sulphate [BMIM]+[MeSO4]-. The ternary excess molar volumes (�������� E ) for the mixtures {methyl trioctylammonium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide + methanol or ethanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate}and (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate + methanol or ethanol or 1-propanol + nitromethane) were calculated from experimental density values, at T = (298.15, 303.15 and 313.15) K and T = 298.15, respectively. The Cibulka equation was used to correlate the ternary excess molar volume data using binary data from literature. The �������� E values for both IL ternary systems were negative at each temperature. The negative contribution of �������� E values are due to the packing effect and/or strong intermolecular interactions (ion-dipole) between the different molecules. The density and speed of sound of the binary solutions ([MOA]+[Tf2N]- + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate or methanol or ethanol), (methanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate) and (ethanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate) were also measured at T = ( 298.15, 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. The apparent molar volume, Vφ , and the apparent molar isentropic compressibility, κφ , were evaluated from the experimental density and speed of sound data. A Redlich-Mayer type equation was fitted to the apparent molar volume and apparent molar isentropic compressibility data. The results are discussed in terms of solute-solute, solute- solvent and solvent-solvent interactions. The apparent molar volume and apparent molar isentropic compressibility at infinite dilution, ��φ �� and κφ ��, respectively of the binary solutions have been calculated at each temperature. The ��φ �� values for the binary v systems ([MOA]+[Tf2N]- + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate or methanol or ethanol) and (methanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate) and (ethanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate) are positive and increase with an increase in temperature. For the (methanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate) systems ��φ �� values indicate that the (ion-solvent) interactions are weaker. The κφ �� is both positive and negative. Positive κφ ��, for ([MOA] + [Tf2N]- + ethyl acetate or ethanol), (methanol + ethyl acetate) and (ethanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate) can be attributed to the predominance of solvent intrinsic compressibility effect over the effect of penetration of ions of IL or methanol or ethanol. The positive κφ �� values can be interpreted in terms of increase in the compressibility of the solution compared to the pure solvent methyl acetate or ethyl acetate or ethanol. The κφ �� values increase with an increase in temperature. Negative κφ ��, for ([MOA] + [Tf2N]- + methyl acetate or methanol), and (methanol + methyl acetate) can be attributed to the predominance of penetration effect of solvent molecules into the intra-ionic free space of IL or methanol molecules over the effect of their solvent intrinsic compressibility. Negative κφ �� indicate that the solvent surrounding the IL or methanol would present greater resistance to compression than the bulk solvent. The φ �� values decrease with an increase in the temperature. The infinite dilution apparent molar expansibility, ��φ �� , values for the binary systems (IL + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate or methanol or ethanol) and (methanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate) and (ethanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate) are positive and decrease with an increase in temperature due to the solution volume increasing less rapidly than the pure solvent. For (IL + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate or methanol or ethanol) systems ��φ �� indicates that the interaction between (IL + methyl acetate) is stronger than that of the (IL + ethanol) or (IL + methanol) or (IL + ethyl acetate) solution. For the (methanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate) systems ��φ �� values vi indicate that the interactions are stronger than (ethanol + methyl acetate or ethyl acetate) systems.