Research Publications (Accounting and Informatics)

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Achieving financial sustainability in Ghana’s banking sector: is environmental, social and governance reporting contributive?
(SAGE Publications, 2021) Maama, Haruna
Despite banks not having any significant direct negative impacts on the environment and society, they adopt environmental, social and governance (ESG) accounting. Meanwhile, ESG reporting consumes additional resources and exposes firms’ strategies to competitors. The study employed a legitimacy theory to investigate the impact of ESG reporting on the financial sustainability of banks in Ghana. The study relied on 10 years of annual reports of all the banks in Ghana. The banks’ ESG reporting practices were assessed based on a content analysis method. The financial sustainability was measured based on return on assets (ROA) and net interest margin (NIM). Evidence showed that environmental reporting (ERI) impacted the banks’ NIM and ROA inversely and significantly, whilst governance reporting had a positive but insignificant relationship with NIM and ROA. The result further demonstrated that social reporting (SRI) impacted NIM and ROA positively and significantly. The overall ESG reporting had a negative and significant relationship with the banks’ financial sustainability. Hence, the ESG reporting did not improve the financial sustainability of banks, and banks in Ghana have less of an incentive to report on ESG as opposed to banks in other countries, where such reporting generally makes financial sense.
The adoption of an intelligent waste collection system in a smart city
(IEEE, 2023-03) Mthethwa, Simphiwe M.; Xulu, Thuthukani; Msani, Nonsikelelo N.; Mohlakoana, Thuso T.; Ndlovu, Experience E.; Aroba, Oluwasegun Julius
Solid waste management has become a significant concern in environmental issues. This can be a problem, especially in cities where the population is quickly developing, and the sum of waste produced is expanding like never before. Programs for innovative city waste can help raise proficiency, diminish costs, and improve the aesthetics of open places as cities endeavor to oversee waste in public regions effectively. This study enhances intelligent waste systems by developing innovative technologies and software as additional tools for collection. This research demonstrates how the SQERT model, a periodic trend analysis report specific to projects, will be used to assess the intelligent waste management system and the proposed software technology. Furthermore, A software prototype visualization was created to demonstrate and show how the software system will look and its functionalities to improve the waste collection system.
Impact of environmental disclosure on financial health of manufacturing firms
(Cosmos S.A., 2023) Marimuthu, Ferina; Mgilane, Nolwando; Maama, Haruna
Environmental reporting can help firms stay in compliance with environmental regulations and manage environmental risks. By proactively addressing and disclosing their environmental impact, manufacturing firms can mitigate potential legal and regulatory penalties, fines, and reputation damage, thereby safeguarding their financial performance. In addition to the latter perspective, cost savings and operational efficiency, enhanced reputation and stakeholder engagement, as well as access to capital and investment opportunities, are critical factors to ensure that firms disclose information about their environmental performance, including its impact on the environment, sustainability initiatives, and environmental risks and opportunities to ensure that they maximise their financial performance. Hence, the aim of this study is to explore the relationship between environmental reporting and financial performance of South African listed manufacturing firms. A multiple regression analysis was adopted to achieve the aim by testing the relationship between the variables amongst a sample of 50 manufacturing firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). A content analysis was utilized to attain environmental reporting information themes from the integrated annual reports retrieved from the JSE for the period 2016 to 2020. The results indicate a negative association between environmental reporting responsibility and financial performance, measured by return on equity (ROE) when the components of environmental reporting are tested individually. However, when these components namely: environmental reporting, social reporting and environmental degradation are combined the findings reveal a positive and statistically significant relationship. These results imply that the adoption of environmental reporting, specifically an increase on the quality of environmental reporting results in an increase in the manufacturing firm performance.
MFCA : an environmental management accounting technique for optimal resource efficiency in production processes
(World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 2015) Tajelawi, Omolola Ayobamidele; Garbharran, Hari Lall
Revenue leakages are one of the major challenges manufacturers face in production processes, as most of the input materials that should emanate as products from the lines are lost as waste. Rather than generating income from material input which is meant to end-up as products, losses are further incurred as costs in order to manage waste generated. In addition, due to the lack of a clear view of the flow of resources on the lines from input to output stage, acquiring information on the true cost of waste generated have become a challenge. This has therefore given birth to the conceptualization and implementation of waste minimization strategies by several manufacturing industries. This paper reviews the principles and applications of three environmental management accounting tools namely Activity-based Costing (ABC), Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Material Flow Cost Accounting (MFCA) in the manufacturing industry and their effectiveness in curbing revenue leakages. The paper unveils the strengths and limitations of each of the tools; beaming a searchlight on the tool that could allow for optimal resource utilization, transparency in production process as well as improved cost efficiency. Findings from this review reveal that MFCA may offer superior advantages with regards to the provision of more detailed information (both in physical and monetary terms) on the flow of material inputs throughout the production process compared to the other environmental accounting tools. This paper therefore makes a case for the adoption of MFCA as a viable technique for the identification and reduction of waste in production processes, and also for effective decision making by production managers, financial advisors and other relevant stakeholders.