Research Publications (Management Sciences)
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Item The rise and fall of the liberation movements in Africa(Centivens Institute of Innovative Research, 2023-05-31) Mbandlwa, ZamokuhleAbstract Background: Liberation movements in Africa in the past 70 years began to campaign for the liberation of African countries. The liberation of Libya in 1951 gave hope to all liberation movements in the African countries. The liberation movements in all African countries were able to liberate African people from the colonial masters. Nevertheless, the history has shown that liberation movements has failed to sustain power. Purpose: The purpose of this article is to show how people blame the liberation movements for government failures to deliver the needs of the people. Others blame economic decline in Africa while others blame corruption amongst African leaders. This study articulates the factors that contributes to the failures of liberation movements to sustain power and to deliver the needs of the people. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework of this study derive from leadership theories. The aim of this article is to create an awareness of how liberation movements in Africa has failed to remain the only hope to provide better lives for African people. Research Design: This study applied secondary research methodology because the information and data was available and accessible to the researcher. Conferences reports, newspaper articles, online material were used to reach findings and conclusions of the study. Research Objectives and Implications: The objective of this article is to sensitize the African community on issues of interest that affect the leadership changes in Africa. The secondary objective is to look at the factors that lead to failures of the liberation movements in Africa. Lastly, is to show the trajectory of liberation movements decline and their irrelevance in changing the African economy. Originality and Value: This is an original study which has applied the secondary research methodology to cross-check the African information on the sustainability of the liberation movements. Findings: The researcher found that the liberation movements in Africa prioritize the needs of its members at the expense of the general population.Item Political leadership, corruption, and the crisis of governance in Africa : a discourse(Adonis and Abbey Publishers, 2021-03-15) Fagbadebo, Omololu; Dorasamy, NirmalaCorruption is a common word often identified by scholars as a major barrier to growth and development. Every society condemns corrupt practices and often holds the leadership responsible. Across the globe, there are anti-corruption advocacy mechanisms aimed at promoting ethical leadership in government. The African Union, for instance, has adopted a series of continental anti-corruption protocols to assist member states curb the rising tide of corruption and its consequences on human security. Using a qualitative method of data collection and analysis, this paper interrogates the leadership-corruption nexus in relation to the prevailing crisis of governance in Africa. It argues that the nature of political leadership in Africa engenders the proclivity towards abuse of power. We find that entrenched vested interests of the political elite have promoted corruption and abuse of power as the instruments of governance, and has reduced requisite statutory institutional oversight structures, to ineffective mechanisms. While the crisis of governance dominates society with the attendant consequences, the political elite lives in opulence. The paper submits, therefore, that the crisis of governance occasioned by mismanagement of public resources by political leadership will continue to fester if citizens continue to support unethical practices by the political leaders.Item Judicial review as an accountability mechanism in South Africa : a discourse on the Nkandla case(Durban University of Technology, 2022) Fagbadebo, Omololu; Dorasamy, NirmalaSeparation of powers among the three branches of government, in most Constitutional democracies, is a design to avert the tyranny of a personalized rule. With specific roles, in relationships characterized by separated but shared powers, each branch of government is a watchdog against the other in case of any abuse. In the South African governing system, the Constitution guarantees functional power relationships among the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary branches of the government. Nevertheless, the dominant party system, in practice, has weakened the legislative oversight and accountability powers to tame the excesses of the executive, contrary to the intendments of the drafters of the Constitution. Judicial review of the various legislative and executive actions, however, has created precedents that seek to reassert legislative capacity to hold the executive accountable. At one time or the other, the judiciary had indicted the legislature and the executive of dereliction of duties. Using primary and secondary data from judicial pronouncements, constitutional provisions, and other public documents, with extant literature, respectively, this paper reviewed the environment that prompted the activist posture of the South African judiciary. An entrenched culture of party loyalty and the incapacity of the legislature to enforce accountability have bolstered the need for assertive judicial review in ensuring accountability. The failure of the legislature to exercise its oversight power has provided the platform for the judiciary to rise as a formidable accountability instrument. Judicial independence, guaranteed by The Constitution, would continue to sustain the tenets of South African representative democracy.Item A discourse on the plight of South African women in the face of abuse and neglect(University of the Western Cape, 2021-10-25) Fagbadebo, OmololuAn upsurge in the rate of violence against women has an adverse effect on women in South Africa. Sadly, many South African women who are the victims of violent sexual conduct, such as rape and other forms of violent sexual abuse, have in part contributed to the prevalence of HIV/AIDS infection among women. Of the 7,7 million South African living with HIV/AIDS in 2018, 4,7 million were women, while another 69 000 were among the new infections. They are more vulnerable to HIV infections with 21,17 percent of women living with the disease. Using personal conversations, literature searches and documents for primary and secondary data, this article argues that value orientation that ascribes superiority to men has damaging consequences on the status of women. South African women are exposed to violent habitual actions of men that denigrate their womanhood. The article, therefore, submits that there is a need to reinforce civil society and strengthen the justice system for the protection and promotion of the rights and freedom of women. Aside from this, the government should increase its commitment to the enforcement of requisite legislative frameworks that safeguard the rights and freedom of women, and review punishments for any acts of violence against women.Item Ethical leadership versus public service delivery in the context of the South African government.(Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, 2022) Mbandlwa, ZamokuhleEthical leadership is a type of leadership that is ideal for any institution. Ethical leadership is lacking in Africa and south Africa is not an exception. Ethical leadership in many aspects globally is misconceptualized but this article focus on ethical leadership in the South African context. South Africa as a developing country has various aspects that seeks to effectively deliver public services and ethical leadership play a major role. South African leaders recently, mobilize public support using the ticket of corruption free and ethical leadership. Ethical leadership and corrupt free leaders does not guarantee effective public services. This article presents a view that leaders must showcase the leadership skills and a calling for leading people without expecting anything in return. Leaders must provide solutions for existing problems in the society. Ethical leadership and corrupt free must not be a standalone phenomenon that leaders use to mobilize public support, they must present their desire to provide public services and service excellence. The objective of this article is to show the difference between ethical leadership and public service delivery. There is a correlation between the two aspects and this article seeks to contribute in addressing the confusion between the two. The study found that most leaders in South Africa portray themselves as ethical leaders in public to gain more support from the public and voters. The study applied mixed research methodology and analyzed the existing data that is related to ethical leadership versus public service delivery.Item Corruption and the challenge of accountability in the post-colonial African states : a discourse(Adonis and Abbey Publishers, 2019-04-15) Fagbadebo, Omololu; Mtshali, KhondloScholars and commentators have described the African state in different forms and versions based on their assessments, rightly or wrongly, of the development‟s strides. Reports by international and local developmental agencies often present gloomy descriptions of a continent suffering from the resource curse. The scorecards of most of the African leaders seem to confirm the assertions of failures in the midst of abundant resources. The corruption pandemic in Africa has rendered the societies as the exporter of potential human resources needed for developments and innovation to the countries of the West. While the continent‟s deplorable social and economic situations worsened, the leadership cadres exploit their power to widen the inequality gaps through unethical conduct. This paper interrogates the leadership-accountability nexus in some countries in Africa with a view to understanding the nature of the pervasiveness of governance crisis. The paper argues that African leaders are more of political predators than freedom fighters against the legacies of colonialism. Rather than explore the state‟s power to promote the public interest, African leaders are more concerned with their personal welfare, exploiting the vulnerability of the citizens. Cases of leadership corruption and malfeasances are swept away thereby engendering the unprecedented culture of leadership deficiency with impunity. This paper submits that the crisis of governance in Africa could be dealt with only if the citizens are liberated from the grip of leadership insensitivity and the rhetoric of colonialism.Item Interrogating the constitutional requisites for legislative oversight in the promotion of accountability and good governance in South Africa and Nigeria(SAGE Publications, 2019) Fagbadebo, OmololuAfrican Studies Association of India. This article interrogates the effectiveness of the requisites for constitutional provisions in respect of the promotion of accountability and good governance in South Africa and Nigeria. The article notes that the drafters of the Constitutions of the two countries made sufficient provisions for the regulation and control of the executive and legislative activities in a manner that could guarantee effective service delivery. These constitutional provisions, in line with the practices of their respective governing systems of the two countries, empower the legislature to hold the executive accountable. The article discovers that the lawmakers in the two countries lacked the capacity to harness the provisions for intended purposes. Using the elite theory for its analysis, the article argues that legislative oversight in South Africa and Nigeria is not as effective as envisaged in the constitutional provisions envisaged. This weakness has given rise to the worsening governance crises in the two countries in spite of their abundant economic and human resources. The article opines that the institutional structures of the political systems of the two countries, especially the dominant party phenomenon, coupled with the personal disposition of the political elites incapacitate the effective exercise of the oversight powers of legislatures in the two countries. The article, therefore, submits that the people of the two countries have to devise another means of holding their leaders accountable in the face of collaboration between the executive and the legislature to perpetuate impunity in the public space. Independent agencies should be more active in the exposure of unethical behaviours of the political elites, while the judiciary should be more independent in the dispensation of justice.Item Corruption, governance and political instability in Nigeria : a dysfunctional conundrum(Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International), 2019-10-28) Fagbadebo, Omololu; Alina Georgeta, Mag; Kaustubha Nand, BhattThe Nigerian State is a victim of high-level corruption, bad governance, political instability, and a cyclical legitimacy crisis. Consequently, national development is retarded, and the political environment uncertain. The country’s authoritarian leadership faced a legitimacy crisis, political intrigues, in an ethnically -differentiated polity, where ethnic competition for resources drove much of the pervasive corruption and profligacy. While the political gladiators constantly manipulated the people and the political processes to advance their own selfish agenda, the society remained pauperized, and the people wallowed in abject poverty. This invariably led to weak legitimacy, as the citizens lacked faith in their political leaders and by extension, the political system. Participation in government was low because citizens perceived it as irrelevant to their lives. In the absence of support from civil society, the effective power of government was eroded. Patron -client relationships took a prime role over the formal aspects of politics, such as the rule of law, well-functioning political parties, and a credible electoral system. In order to break this cycle and ensure good governance, accountability and transparency must be guaranteedItem Leadership challenges in the South African local government system(Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd, 2020-07-16) Mbandlwa, Zamokuhle; Dorasamy, Nirmala; Fagbadebo, Omololu M.Local governments in South Africa have experienced leadership challenges in the democratic South Africa. Poor leadership ethics have badly contributed in the leadership challenges in the South African local government system. The objective of the study was to identify the factors that contribute in the poor leadership ethics in local government and the consequences of bad behavior by local government leadership and employees. Mixed research methodology was applied in the study. Primary data was collected through selfadministered questionnaires that were personally administered by the researchers to 10 portfolio managers, 333 Employees and interviewed 9 executive managers.The study found that the poor systems to fight against corruption and unethical activities compromise public service delivery and paint all public sector officials as corrupt people. The idea of getting into government institutions for the purposes of self-benefit is dominant amongst many people who are in government institutions.Item Predictors of Whistle-Blowing intentions: an analysis of multi-level variables(Sage Publishing, 2015-05-27) Pillay, Soma; Ramphul, Needesh; Dorasamy, Nirmala; Meyer, DennyThe purpose of this study was to examine the variables impacting on whistle-blowing intentions in the public services of two developing countries, South Africa and Mauritius. In particular, this study considers the barriers to whistle-blowing and the effect of demographic and cultural values on the perceptions of these barriers. The study finds major differences between South Africa and Mauritius with minor differences in regard to gender and education.