Theses and dissertations (Health Sciences)
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Item The effect of migraine-type headaches on quality of life in an adolescent population in the Westville ward of the Pinetown School District(2022-05-13) Wurzel, Amy Jane; Varatharajullu, DesireeBACKGROUND Migraine-type headaches (MTHs) are the most common disabling disorder in children and adolescents, affecting approximately 10% of children and adolescents. Migrainetype headaches are common in children over the age of 14 years and the incidence peaks between the ages of 15 and 24 years. Migraine-type headaches affect many aspects of an adolescent’s life often leading to comorbid psychological issues such as anxiety and depression. The headaches also affect productivity and cause an increase in school absenteeism. AIM The aim of this study was to explore the effect of migraine-type headaches on the quality of life in an adolescent population in the Westville ward of the Pinetown School District. METHODOLOGY Data were collected through semi-structured interviews using a qualitative descriptive approach. Probing questions supplemented the main questions being asked. The interviews relied on the participants’ own perspective to provide insight into the effects of migraine-type headaches. Adolescents who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study were interviewed. A minimum of 10 participants were required for this study. Data were collected until data saturation was obtained and, therefore, the total number of research participants who participated in the study was 14. The data were audio recorded and thereafter transcribed verbatim. Thematic data analysis was used to analyse the data using the Tesch method. RESULTS The participants explained that their migraine-type headaches affected their education, homework, concentration and/or chores. Some participants mentioned that they had to miss social events or cancel plans with friends, while others mentioned that it has affected their relationships with family and friends. Many participants mentioned that their MTHs affected them emotionally in some way and resulted in anger, frustration and/or worry. Most of the participants explained that their MTHs affected their extra-curricular activities, hobbies and general movement. CONCLUSION Migraine-type headaches have a negative effect on the quality of life in the adolescent population. This is consistent with similar studies done on migraine-type headaches in adolescent populations.Item The efficacy of homoeopathic migraine complex on migraine headaches(1997) Aleotti, Claudia; Cawood, B. H.The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the efficacy of a Homoeopathic Migraine complex, consisting of Iris Versicolor, Spigelia Anthelmia and Sanguinaria Canadensis, in the treatment of migraine headaches, in terms of the patients perception with respect to the frequency, severity and duration of the migraine attacks, to determine what role the Homoeopathic Migraine complex plays in the management of migraine headaches.Item An assessment of two chiropractic management programmes with respect to frequency of treatment of migraine headaches(1995) Whittle, Mark Spencer; Penter, C. S.The purpose of this investigation was to determine the most beneficial chiropractic management programme with respect to frequency of treatments for migraine headaches. It was hypothesised that an intensive treatment programme would be most effective. Thirty four (34) patients were accepted into this single blind, randomised trial, however only thirty (30) patients were compliant. Only patients diagnosed with migraine were accepted. The sample group was drawn from a population of migraine sufferers from t.,hegreater Durban area, and they were randomly divided into the two treatment groups. Both treatment groups received chiropractic adjustments to fixations found in the cervical and thoracic spines, as well as soft tissue massage to the above-mentioned areas. The only difference was the treatment periods, where the intensive treatment group was treated nine times in three weeks and the conservative treatment group was treated nine times in nine weeks. Both groups were re-evaluated after a six week followup period. Only subjective measurements were taken, all tabulated weekly I by each patient in the headache diaries provided.l6Item The relative effectiveness of chiropractic manipulation in conjunction with soft tissue treatment, as compared with soft tissue treatment alone, in the management of tension-type headaches in children(2001) De Busser, Nikki Lauren; Penter, C. S.Episodic tension-type is a highly prevalent condition with a significant functional impact at home and school (Schwartz et al. 1998). In children as in adults, it is the most common form of headache that a chiropractor will encounter in clinical practice (Davies 2000). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effectiveness of chiropractic manipulation in conjunction with soft tissue treatment, as compared with soft tissue treatment alone, in the management of Episodic tension-type headache in children and adolescents. It was hypothesised that manipulation in conjunction with soft tissue treatment would provide a significant long-term benefit in comparison to soft tissue treatment alone. This study was performed as a clinical trial conducted at the Technikon Natal Chiropractic Day Clinic. Thirty children between the ages of eight to eighteen presenting with Episodic tension-type headache were selected to participate in the study and were randomly allocated into two equal groups. Patients in both groups were treated six times over a period of three weeks and were monitored with respect to their headache using a headache diary for one week prior to and one week following the course of treatment. A final assessment was performed once the patients had completed the headache diary for the second time. Both groups received a ten minute massage of the cervical and upper thoracic musculature, while patients in group A received chiropractic manipulation of the cervical and upper thoracic spine as well.Item The relative effectiveness of adjustments and traction in the treatment of tension-type headaches(1998) Donkin, Robert David; Gomes, Adrian Neil; Parkin-Smith, G. F.Headaches are very common in today's society and of all presenting types of headaches, tension - type headaches are the most common. At a neurologic outpatient clinic 40% of 1152 of all patients referred had tension-type headache (Lance et al. 1965). The purpose of this study was to determine if manual traction is an effective adjunct to the chiropractic treatment (the adjustment) of tension - type headaches, and to determine if the adjustment alone or the adjustment and manual traction have an effect on tension - type headaches. It was hypothesised that the combination of manual traction and adjustments would be more effective than adjustments alone. The study was a randomised, uncontrolled clinical trial conducted at the Technikon Natal Chiropractic Day Clinic. Thirty patients, presenting with tension - type headaches, were selected for the study and randomly allocated to two groups of fifteen each. Patients in Group A received adjustmen~s and Group B r~eived adjustments and manual traction as treatment. The subjective findings of the patients were recorded by means of the Short - form McGill Pain Questionnaire, the CMCC Neck Disability Index, the Numerical Pain Rating Scale 101 and the Headache Diary. The first three questionnaire were completed by the patients \xE1t the beginning of the first, fifth, final and follow up consultations. The Headache Diary, on the other hand, was completed on a daily basis by the patients for the period of the study. Objective findings consisted of the six cervical ranges of motion obtained by means of the Cervical Range of Motion Instrument (CROM).Item A comparison of the initial and short term effects of cervical spine adjustments and acetylsalicylic acid in the treatment of mild to moderate episodic tension-type headache and its recurrence(2001) Kidson, Mark Andrew Rex; Myburgh, CorneliusEpisodic tension-type headache is more prevalent than chronic tension-type headache (Schwartz, et al. 1998). The exact causes of episodic tension-type headaches are not known (Headache Classification Committee, 1988:30-31). Episodic tension-type headache and chronic tension-type headache have different characteristics. Thus the mechanism of episodic tension-type headache is still unclear, and should be studied separately from chronic tension-type headache (Kim, et al. 1995). Presently, studies conflict with regard to spinal manipulation and its efficacy in the treatment of episodic tension-type headache. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effectiveness of 500mg of acetylsalicylic acid as opposed to cervical spine manipulation for the treatment of episodic tension-type headache. It was hypothesized that manipulation would provide a significantly greater immediate and short-term benefit in comparison to acetylsalicylic acid. This study was conducted as a clinical trial at the Technikon Natal Chiropractic Day Clinic. Sixty patients presenting with episodic tension-type headaches were selected and randomly allocated into two equal groups. Patient's were provided with one of the two treatments at the initial consultation, and again upon a second consultation after a minimum 'washout period' of forty-eight hours, but within two weeks. Patient's in Group 1 received cervical spine manipulation, whereas patients in Group 2 received 500mg of acetylsalicylic acid. The subjective responses of each patient were recorded by means of the Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, the CMCC NeckItem The homoeopathic treatment of recurrent headaches(1997) Lilley, Dorian; Boyer, R. P.The purpose of this placebo controlled study was to determine the efficacy of Similimum treatment on the treatment of recurrent headaches with reference to the patient's response and perception to treatment in'order to determine the effectiveness of the treatment methods and the management of recurrent headaches in patients. Thirty patients with recurrent headaches were admitted onto the study if they suffered from recurrent headaches at least one or more a month. Patients were recruited by means of advertising in local newspapers, shopping centres and libraries. After an initial consultation which included a detailed case history and physical examination, a double blind, random procedure assured that thirty patients were allocated to one of the two experimental groups ( i.e. fifteen in each group ). One of the groups received Similimum treatment and the other received placebo treatment for a period of three months. Treatment commenced one week after the initial consultation, in order to allow for time to evaluate the case and to prescribe the remedies accurately. The patients were seen regularly during the three-month period ( every two weeks) to evaluate their progress. The patients were given two questionnaires, one describing their headache characteristics and the other their perception changes towards their headaches. The questionnaire describing their headache characteristics (Appendix A) was filled in at the initial consultation and this information was used to select each patient's simillimum remedy, these characteristics tended to stay the stay the same throughout the study.Item The effects of music therapy in conjunction with chiropractic management of muscle tension headaches(1994) Da Silva, Kendrah Leontine; Liebenberg, H. S.; Grove-Jooster, ShaniThis study proposes to evaluate the combined effects of music therapy and chiropractic treatment in the management of muscle tension headaches, in terms of the patients' response, in order to establish the efficacy of music therapy as an adjunct to chiropractic management of muscle tension headaches. It was hypothesized that music therapy and chiropractic treatment combined have a more beneficial effect, in that it would reduce muscle tension headaches to a greater extent than chiropractic treatment alone, thus reducing the severity, duration and frequency of muscle tension headaches. The diagnostic criteria for muscle tension headache were consistent amongst the majority of authors. The most common cause was attributed to psychological or occupational stress on the posterior neck musculature i .e. an increase in muscle tension. An increase in muscle tension in muscle tension headache sufferers measured with an electromyogram was reported on by various authors. A decrease in electromyogram readings in response to music therapy has also been measured. Certain authors have attributed muscle tension headaches to cervical facet joint dysfunction. The presence of myofascial trigger points occurring concurrently with a muscle tension headache was mentioned. The majority of authors were in agreement as to the most beneficial type of music to be used. The music is to have aItem The primary headaches in allied health students at the Durban University of Technology (DUT)(2010) Prangley, Johan; Pillay, Julian David; Korporaal, Charmaine MariaBackground: A headache is a common complaint in daily practice and occurs across all ethnicities and both genders. These headaches can cause a decrease in productivity and quality of life. Studies carried out in defined population groups are useful in developing an understanding of the factors that influence headaches, however these are limited. Objective: To determine the prevalence of primary headaches in Allied Health students at the Durban University of Technology (DUT), identify the factors that influence the prevalence of these headaches and to determine the association of these headaches with activities of daily life and productivity. Methods: The study was an epidemiological, cross sectional survey of primary headaches with a study population of ±420. Each willing participant received a Letter of Information outlining the study and a questionnaire for completion. Results: Three hundred and eleven questionnaires were used for statistical analysis. Of these 24.1% (n=75) did not experience headaches and the remaining 75.9% (n=236) were classified as having had either non-primary headache, migraine-type headache (MTH), tension-type headache (TTH) or cluster-type headache (CTH). Headaches were prevalent amongst the student population and several factors were associated with the headaches. CTHs tended to have the most impact on the student as an individual, due to its intensity. MTHs and TTHs tended to have a greater effect on the student population, mainly due to their high incidence.