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Theses and dissertations (Health Sciences)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://ir-dev.dut.ac.za/handle/10321/12

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Knee--Wounds and injuries

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    The effectiveness of pain neuroscience education in the treatment of recreational marathon runners with chronic running related knee injuries
    (2023) Naidoo, Tyren; Padayachy, Keseri; Louw, Adriaan
    Background: Running has a long history as a mode of exercise and in recent years the popularity of running has increased especially in South Africa. However, it may have adverse short- and long-term effects through running-related injuries. For marathon runners, one of the most common consequences of this is injury to the knee joint complex. Recreational runners presenting with injuries have partially recovered from their injury yet continue to experience pain. Which emphasises the necessity for treatment to be more comprehensively through a biopsychosocial model Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) component, where a greater understanding of how the nervous system processes injury and pain is utilised. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) combined with chiropractic care versus chiropractic care alone for the reduction of pain due to chronic running-related knee pain in recreational marathon runners within the eThekwini Municipality. Methodology: The study used a quantitative randomised controlled single-blinded design, in which the participants were blinded. The study design followed a phase II randomised clinical trial. Recreational marathon runners from the eThekwini region, both male or female, between the ages of 18 and 65, were recruited for this study. Participants were randomly assigned and received either Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) and chiropractic care or chiropractic care only. Both Group 1 and 2 had a sample size of 23 each, with a total sample size of 46 participants. Data was captured on a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and imported into SPSS version 27 for analysis. Results: There was no significant difference between the intervention and control group, with respect to Pain Catastrophization Scale (PCS), and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) recordings. However, both the Intervention and control group under analysis showed a decrease in their Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) readings, where the control group showed a higher mean score (decrease) over time compared to the PNE (intervention group). Conclusion: Chronic running-related knee pain did not change significantly. The findings correlate with the complexity of pain in previous PNE studies. Given the anatomical changes associated with running-related knee injuries, it was not surprising that running activities and range of motion did not change significantly either.
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    An investigation into the effectiveness of dry needling of myofascial trigger points on total work and other recorded measurements of the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscles in patellofermoral pain syndrome in long distance runners
    (2005) Weyer-Henderson, Donna; De Busser, Nikki Lauren; Korporaal, Charmaine Maria
    According to Wood (1998), patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) refers to a syndrome that comprises of the following signs and symptoms: anterior knee pain, inflammation, imbalance, instability, or any combination thereof. Prevailing literature suggests that the presence of myofascial trigger points (MFTP’s) in quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle could result in a combination of the following signs and symptoms: - Retro- or peripatella pain, - Weakness of the quadriceps muscle (Chaitow and DeLany, 2002) - Loss of full lengthening (Travell and Simons, 1983:248-250) The aetiology of PFPS is poorly understood (Kannus et al. 1999). The current trend in literature suggests an extensor mechanism dysfunction as the most probable aetiology (Galantly et al., 1994; Juhn, 1999). There appears to be a clinical overlap between the two syndromes, in terms of an extensor mechanism dysfunction and of signs and symptoms. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the role of active myofascial trigger points in the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as perpetuating, causative or concomitant factors in the alteration of VL/VM Total Work (TW) in PFPS in distance runners.