Faculty of Applied Sciences
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://ir-dev.dut.ac.za/handle/10321/5
Browse
6 results
Search Results
Item Antioxidant potential of zephyranthes citrina seed extract in saccharomyces cerevisiae’s oxidative stress response system(Association of Biotechnology and Pharmacy, 2023-10-15) Patil, Sharangouda J.; Jyothi, Renuka; Sadashiv, S. O.; Vishwantaha, T.; Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Krishna, Suresh Babu NaiduItem Recent trends in silver nanoparticles toxicity, health effects and biomedical applications(Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India, 2022-12-12) Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu; Adam, Jamila KhatoonThe development of novel biomedical applications has pushed the design of nanomaterials to the forefront of systematic investigation. Recent trends in the literature reveal, in fact, an absence of comprehensive reviews that highlight present understanding of nanomaterials' design and production. Nanoparticle performance can be affected by alterations in their size, shape, surface charge, and microstructure (NPs). It is discovered that the synthesis technique plays a role in the determination of these parameters as well. Here, we show how silver nanoparticles are already being used in Health sciences and discuss their future potential. Nanoparticles present new difficulties in terms of health risks, and the costs of various platforms are compared. The biological method is a technique that is eco-friendly to the environment, cost-effective, dependable, and consistent, as well as efficient and simplistic. Here, we present the antimicrobial properties of metallic nanoparticles, like silver, in the context of the health industry.Item 12th International Conference on Sustainable Waste Management(2022-12-02) Nibedita, Nath; Subhendu, Chakraborthy; Narsimha, Golla; Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Krishna, Suresh Babu NaiduToday, nanotechnology generates a significant amount of interest among researchers as a result of the vast array of applications it provides for addressing various aspects of the eco-system. Additionally, it enables researchers to traverse the boundaries of a more specialised area of study than an already well-established one. It is an interdisciplinary field of study that focuses on the production and manipulation of nanoscale materials via scaling down the particle size scale from micrometres to nanometers (1–100 nm). They provide excellent options in the fields of health, industry, and medicine as they present a new vision for the treatment of medical conditions thanks to the fact that the particle size may be reduced, which gives them a distinct prospective characteristic. Researchers continue to be interested in finding new uses for metal nanoparticles (NPs) as the field of nanotechnology advances since these particles display distinctive properties. The public is interested in several different types of metal nanoparticles, including silver NPs. Synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be used in a wide variety of contexts, such as spectrally selective coatings for the absorption of solar energy, as intercalation material for electrical batteries, as optical receptors, as catalysts in chemical processes, and so on. Antibacterial and antifungal properties are only two of the biological uses of silver nanoparticles that have been the subject of much research. AgNPs are known to be cytotoxic to both normal and cancer cells in mammals, and the modalities of interactions of AgNPs have been examined in a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. AgNPs are known to be cytotoxic to both normal and cancer cells in humans. The cytotoxic effects of silver ions have been seen and documented in a variety of cell lines. Silver nanoparticles have become important research topics due to the numerous applications they have in the fields of industry, agriculture, and biomedicine, as well as their excellent anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-coagulant, and photo-catalytic properties due to their chemical stability and good biocompatibility. The most important focus of this review is on recent advancements and trends in the field of AgNPs for use in biomedical applications. Keywords: Antimicrobial, silver nanoparticles, synthesis, biomedical applications, nanotechnologyItem Antibacterial properties of organosulfur compounds of garlic (Allium sativum)(Frontiers Media SA, 2021-07-27) Bhatwalkar, Sushma Bagde; Mondal, Rajesh; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu; Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Govender, Patrick; Anupam, RajaneeshA popular food spice and flavoring agent, has also been used traditionally to treat various ailments especially bacterial infections for centuries in various cultures around the world. The principal phytochemicals that exhibit antibacterial activity are oil-soluble organosulfur compounds that include allicin, ajoenes, and allyl sulfides. The organosulfur compounds of garlic exhibit a range of antibacterial properties such as bactericidal, antibiofilm, antitoxin, and anti-quorum sensing activity against a wide range of bacteria including multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains. The reactive organosulfur compounds form disulfide bonds with free sulfhydryl groups of enzymes and compromise the integrity of the bacterial membrane. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized the development of antibiotic resistance as a global health concern and emphasizes antibiotic stewardship along with the urgent need to develop novel antibiotics. Multiple antibacterial effects of organosulfur compounds provide an excellent framework to develop them into novel antibiotics. The review provides a focused and comprehensive portrait of the status of garlic and its compounds as antibacterial agents. In addition, the emerging role of new technologies to harness the potential of garlic as a novel antibacterial agent is discussed.Item Biomedical applications and toxicity of nanosilver : a review(Ituta e-solutions, 2015-12) Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu; Govender, Patrick; Adam, Jamila KhatoonNanotechnology is a promising arena for generating new applications in medicine. It is advancing rapidly due to the great progress achieved in various fileds including electronics, machanics, cosmetics, food, etc. In order to successfully bifunctionalise nanoparticles for a given biomedical application, a wide range of chemical, physical and biological factors have to be taken into account. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit strong antibacterial activity owing to their large surface to volume ratios and crystallographic surface structure. Nanosilver particles have been widely used in a range of biomedical applications including diagnosis, treatment, medical device coatings, drug delivery and personal health care products. With the growing application of nanosilver particles in medical contexts, it is becoming necessary for a better understanding the mechanisms of action, biological interactions and their potential toxicity on exposure. This review aims to provide critical assess-ment of the current understanding of antibacterial activity, biomedical applications and toxicity of silver nanoparticles.Item Modulating effects of Fumonisin B1 and Ochratoxin A on immune cells in human carcinoma(2005) Adam, Jamila Khatoon; Odhav, BhartiFumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) represent examples of mycotoxins of greatest public health and agro-economic significance. They exert adverse effects on humans, animals and crops that result in illnesses and economic losses. Fumonisin B1 are cancerpromoting metabolites of Fusarium proliferatum and F verticillioides, (formerly moniliforme), and are implicated in oesophageal cancer. Ochratoxins are metabolites of both Aspergillus and Penicillium species. These compounds are known for their nephrotoxic effects in all animal species and may promote tumours in humans. In man OTA exhibits unusual toxicokinetics, with a half-life in blood of 840 h (35 days) after oral ingestion. Although much is known regarding the toxicology of these toxins, little is known of the effects of these toxins on the immune system. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the immunornodulating effects of FB1 and OTA in human carcinoma. Initial experiments involved isolating lymphocytes and neutrophils from healthy volunteers. The isolated cells were exposed to either FB1 or OTA on a dose and time dependent level and LD50 of the toxins was determined. Thereafter, challenge tests were performed, whereby lymphocytes and neutrophils isolated from volunteers, oesophageal cancer patients and breast cancer patients were exposed to the LD50 dose of either FB1 or OTA for the appropriate time. The effect of the toxins was demonstrated by viability studies, light microscopy and electron microscopy. Cytokine receptors (CK, TNF and CSF) were evaluated by immuno-cytochemical methods and the levels of circulating cytokines (IL -1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-a) were determined using ELISA kits.