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Faculty of Applied Sciences

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    Recent advances on metal oxide based nano-photocatalysts as potential antibacterial and antiviral agents
    (MDPI AG, 2022) Prakash, Jai; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu; Kumar, Promod; Kumar, Vinod; Ghosh, Kalyan S.; Swart, Hendrik C.; Bellucci, Stefano; Cho, Junghyun
    Photocatalysis, a unique process that occurs in the presence of light radiation, can potentially be utilized to control environmental pollution, and improve the health of society. Photocatalytic removal, or disinfection, of chemical and biological species has been known for decades; however, its extension to indoor environments in public places has always been challenging. Many efforts have been made in this direction in the last two–three years since the COVID-19 pandemic started. Furthermore, the development of efficient photocatalytic nanomaterials through modifications to improve their photoactivity under ambient conditions for fighting with such a pandemic situation is a high research priority. In recent years, several metal oxides-based nano-photocatalysts have been designed to work efficiently in outdoor and indoor environments for the photocatalytic disinfection of biological species. The present review briefly discusses the advances made in the last two to three years for photocatalytic viral and bacterial disinfections. Moreover, emphasis has been given to the tailoring of such nano-photocatalysts in disinfecting surfaces, air, and water to stop viral/bacterial infection in the indoor environment. The role of such nano-photocatalysts in the photocatalytic disinfection of COVID-19 has also been highlighted with their future applicability in controlling such pandemics.
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    Biomedical applications and toxicity of nanosilver : a review
    (Ituta e-solutions, 2015-12) Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu; Govender, Patrick; Adam, Jamila Khatoon
    Nanotechnology is a promising arena for generating new applications in medicine. It is advancing rapidly due to the great progress achieved in various fileds including electronics, machanics, cosmetics, food, etc. In order to successfully bifunctionalise nanoparticles for a given biomedical application, a wide range of chemical, physical and biological factors have to be taken into account. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit strong antibacterial activity owing to their large surface to volume ratios and crystallographic surface structure. Nanosilver particles have been widely used in a range of biomedical applications including diagnosis, treatment, medical device coatings, drug delivery and personal health care products. With the growing application of nanosilver particles in medical contexts, it is becoming necessary for a better understanding the mechanisms of action, biological interactions and their potential toxicity on exposure. This review aims to provide critical assess-ment of the current understanding of antibacterial activity, biomedical applications and toxicity of silver nanoparticles.