Repository logo
 

Faculty of Applied Sciences

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://ir-dev.dut.ac.za/handle/10321/5

Browse

Has files: YesSubject: search.filters.subject.Biodegradation

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Differential approach of bioremediation by sclerotium rolfsii towards textile dye
    (2023-10-05) Samuel, Anthony; Lakshmaiah, , Vasantha Veerappa; Dias, Priyanjali; Praveen, N.; Fernandes, Cannon Antony; Nizam, Aatika; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu
    Synthetic dyes are extensively used in various industries and are one of the major contaminants of industrial effluents. Dyes being xenobiotic, carcinogenic, and toxic there is need for their effective removal and detoxification to conserve water resources. Tremendous research has been carried out to identify potent microorganisms that facilitate bioremediation of these harmful dyes. A static batch culture has proved white rot fungi Sclerotium.rolfsii as an efficient catalyst in bioremediation of textile dyes and to compare their efficiency in decolourisation of two different azo dyes. Studies revealed the organism employ different remedial approach to cationic dye (Malachite green) and anionic dyes (Rose Bengal). Decolourisation of malachite green was a gradual with degradation and bio-transformation to colourless, non-toxic by products while Decolourisation of rose Bengal was quick process of biosorption. S.rolfsii exhibited 89% of decolourisation of malachite green dyes at higher concentration of 900mg/L while 96% for rose Bengal at 900mg/L. The mechanism of dye decolourisation was proposed using the UV Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, XRD, HPLC and SEM. Microbial toxicity studies confirmed the dye metabolites of degraded malachite green was less toxic compared to original dye. Com- prehensively studies illustrate the sustained application of S. rolfsii as model organism for bioremediation of complex industrial effluents due to its differential bio remedial approach can potentially decolourise or remove various dyes.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Bio-decolorization and degradation of reactive blue 222 by a novel isolate Kucoria marina CU2005
    (Association of Biotechnology and Pharmacy, 2023-01-30) Veerappa Lakshmaiah, Vasantha; Krishna, Suresh Babu Naidu; S More, Sunil; K Jayanna, Shobha
    In this study, a novel bacterial strain, Kucoria marina CU2005, was isolated and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing from an industrial wastewater sludge sample capable of degrading Reactive Blue 222 (RB222) dye. Batch mode bio stimulation studies were performed with minimal salt media to optimize key physiological parameters for effective decolorization of RB222. When cultured at 35 °C and pH 7 under static conditions, this bacterium decolorized 82 percent of the dye after 24 hours. Decolorization was monitored using UV-vis spectrophotometry. Isolate’s ability to decolorize the complex dye was attributed to its degradation potential rather than a passive surface adsorption. FTIR, HPLC, GC-MS studies were used to confirm microbial dye metabolism. The results indicated breakdown of dye upon decolorization as some peaks were shifted and generation of aromatic amine for monosubstituted benzene ring as intermediates of dye degradation in decolorized solutions. This study has shown the potential of Kucoria marina CU2005 to decolorize RB222 dye at a better pace and efficiency than previously reported bacterial strains. Thus, we propose that our isolated strain can be utilized as a potential dye decolorizer in environmental biotechnology as effluent treatment for decolorization of RB 222.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Biodegradation of poultry feathers using a keratinolytic enzyme to produce feather meal
    (2021) Ramalingum, Nolene; Permaul, Kugenthiren; Pillai, Santhosh Kumar Kuttan
    The application of biotechnology through the utilisation of enzymes is considered an easy and inexpensive method of producing valuable products from poultry feather wastes. The present study describes production of a keratinolytic enzyme from Pseudomonas aeruginosa S-04, which showed efficiency for feather biodegradation. The production of extracellular keratinase was improved 1.3-fold through one factor at a time (OFAT) optimisation of various parameters. Ammonium sulphate precipitation and DEAE-cellulose anion exchange chromatography were used to purify the keratinase produced by P. aeruginosa S04 to homogeneity. Purified keratinase (35.5 kDa) showed optimal activity at 60°C and pH 9.5 and displayed stability over the pH range 7-9.5 and temperatures ranging from 4-40°C for 2 h. Catalytic activity of keratinase was enhanced in the presence of Fe3+ and Mn2+ ions, Triton X-100, Tween 20, DMSO, isopropyl alcohol and ethanol, but reduced activity was recorded in the presence of methanol and acetone. The enzyme activity was deactivated by EDTA, suggesting that this keratinase belongs to metallo-protease family. The Km and Vmax of the purified keratinase was found to be 7.62 mg/ml and 200 U/mg protein, respectively. The partially purified keratinase revealed great potential for feather degradation (93% in 24 h), and the nutritional content of the resulting feather hydrolysate makes it a promising candidate for application in the poultry industry.