Faculty of Accounting and Informatics
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Item Understanding the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on Management Accounting students(Sciedu Press, 2021) Zunckel, Sharon; Msomi, Mbali Portia; Samuel, Stephanie Caroline; Marimuthu, FerinaA switch to emergency remote teaching, learning, and assessment (TLA) has become necessary as a result of the social distancing brought about by the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) were forced to switch from face-to-face to online teaching and learning to ensure successful completion of the academic year as well as the safety of their staff and students from a global pandemic. This arrangement has created teaching problems in terms of familiarizing oneself with technology, losing face-to-face contact, and limiting access to essential facilities such as laboratories and libraries. The new normal is when remote learning is employed to fulfil TLA obligations. Therefore, students are expected to adjust from a traditional to a remote learning environment. This change in environment highlights the importance of exploring students’ perceptions as the recipients of this novel learning. Hence, the aim of this study was to explore the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on student learning, underpinned by the activity theory. Quantitative research methods were applied to elicit students’ perceptions of remote learning through the use of an online questionnaire. The target population comprised undergraduate management accounting students. The paper provides interesting implications for government, policymakers, regulatory bodies, and other researchers because it offers a student perspective on the challenges experienced with remote learning.Item Interplay between capital structure choice and survival and growth of small, medium, and micro enterprises : a South African context(LLC CPC Business Perspectives, 2019-11-26) Nyide, Celani John; Zunckel, SharonIt is essential for small, medium, and micro enterprises (SMMEs) to become established, be sustainable and grow. These firms play a vital role in the economy of both developed and developing countries. Empirical studies have acknowledged the contribution of SMMEs to the economy, as well as to the gross domestic product. However, the failure rate of these firms has also been emphasized in the same studies. SMME survival is critical for economic growth, which is measured by increases in profits. Capital structure decisions are significant to the survival and growth of these entities. This study was conducted to examine the interplay between capital structure and SMMEs` survival and growth in a developing economy. A sample size of 103 SMMEs was chosen on a non-probability basis using convenience sampling within the eThekwini area, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The statistical tool used for analysis in this study was the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) 5.0 software. Capital structure was found to have a significant influence on the growth and survival of small, medium, and micro enterprises. The study concludes that utilizing retained earnings, personal savings, trade credit and funds from friends and family has a significant influence on the growth and survival of the firm. Debt and external equity financing, on the other hand, have an insignificant influence on the growth the firm.Item Capital structure of small, medium and micro enterprises : major factors for a developing economy(LLC CPC Business Perspectives, 2019-05-06) Zunckel, Sharon; Nyide, Celani JohnManaging capital structure is an imperative decision made by all firms. The manner in which financing is organized is a strategic financial decision and managers must settle on the amount of debt in relation to equity that it requires to maintain. Despite many empirical studies investigating the choice of capital structure for large corporates, minimal research has been conducted on capital structure decisions in small, medium, and micro enterprises (SMMEs). This study identifies major factors influencing the capital structure of SMMEs in a developing economy and enlightens owners/managers on the importance thereof. This investigation used a quantitative research approach, which was cross-sectional. A convenience sampling method was adopted, and data were collected from 136 respondents, only confined to the retail and whole sector, which is the second largest sector in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The partial least squares structural equation modelling was utilized to determine the statistical results. It was discovered that managerial factors such as individual goals and financing preference of the owner/manager, network ties, attitude to debt, maintaining control and asymmetric information; and firm-level factors such as size of the firm, profitability and firm age are major factors that influence the capital structure of SMMEs. Therefore, capital structure decisions are made motivated by the attitudes of the owners/managers.Item An analysis of factors influencing the capital structure of small, medium and micro enterprises : a growth and survival perspective(2018-12) Zunckel, Sharon; Nyide, CelaniIn South Africa, there is a need for small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) to become established and be sustainable. These organisations play a crucial role in the economy of South Africa, as well as across the globe. Empirical studies have acknowledged the contribution of SMMEs to the economy, as well as to the gross domestic product. However, the failure rate of these firms has also been emphasised in the same studies. The lack of finance has been identified as one of the contributing factors towards the discontinuance of small firms, hence, managing capital is an importance task for organisations. Managers need to understand the capital structure of the firm in order to make the best decisions regarding the finances of the firm. The growth of SMMEs is also crucial to all economies around the world. Despite many empirical studies on capital structure decisions in large firms, minimal studies have investigated the capital structure decisions in SMMEs. Therefore, this study is expected to shed more light on the capital structure of SMMEs and enlighten owners/managers on the importance thereof. The aim of this study was to identify the factors influencing the capital structure in terms of the survival and growth of SMMEs in KwaZulu-Natal. The study addressed the following primary questions: what factors influence the capital structure of small, medium and micro enterprises in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal? Furthermore, what is the influence of the capital structure on the survival and growth of small, medium and micro enterprises in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal? The study used a quantitative research design and was cross-sectional in nature. A survey questionnaire was the primary data collection tool utilised. The target population was 204 SMMEs from the retail and wholesale sectors. A convenience sampling method was adopted which resulted in a sample size of 136, with 103 responses received. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling 5.0 software was utilised to determine the statistical results. The findings revealed that both managerial and firm-level factors influence the capital structure of SMMEs. Managerial factors included individual goals and financing preferences of the owner/manager, network ties, attitude to debt, asymmetric information and maintaining control; whilst the firm-level factors were size of the firm, profitability and firm age. The findings also revealed that personal savings was the most important financing choice at the initial phase of the firm, however once the firm was established, retained earnings was utilised more than any other source of finance. Retained earnings was also revealed to have a significant influence on the growth and survival of small, medium and micro enterprises